加拿大通過新法以打擊零售盜竊與暴力行為
Canada passes new laws to combat retail theft and violence
Updated at: June 25, 2026 at 05:45 AM
2026年6月，加拿大透過《保釋與量刑改革法案》（Bail and Sentencing Reform Act），亦即C-14法案，引進了重大的刑事司法改革。
In June 2026, Canada introduced significant criminal justice reforms through the Bail and Sentencing Reform Act, or Bill C-14.
此項立法旨在解決圍繞著零售竊盜、有組織犯罪以及暴力累犯日益高漲的疑慮。
This legislation aims to address the rising concerns surrounding retail theft, organized crime, and violent repeat offending.
該法案於2026年7月生效，對《刑法》進行了超過80項修正，以提升公共安全。
The law, which came into effect in July 2026, introduces over 80 amendments to the Criminal Code to enhance public safety.
C-14法案的一大核心內容是為量刑創設了新的加重情節，特別針對有組織的零售竊盜，以及針對公共運輸人員等必要工作者的犯罪。
A major component of Bill C-14 is the creation of new aggravating factors for sentencing, specifically targeting organized retail theft and crimes against essential workers like public transit staff.
此外，該法案還實施了更嚴格的保釋程序，包括「舉證責任倒置」（reverse-onus）條款，即被告人必須證明其應被釋放的理由，而非由檢方證明其需要羈押的必要性。
Furthermore, the act implements stricter bail procedures, including 'reverse-onus' provisions, where accused individuals must justify their release rather than the prosecution proving the need for detention.
這些改革還推動了針對暴力汽車竊盜與勒索等嚴重犯罪的連續執行刑期，以確保更長的累計監禁時間。
The reforms also promote consecutive sentencing for serious crimes such as violent auto theft and extortion, ensuring longer cumulative prison terms.
儘管聯邦政府提供了如此健全的立法架構，其成效仍取決於省級與領地政府在各自的司法系統內有效實施這些變革的配合度。
While the federal government has provided this robust legislative framework, success depends on the cooperation of provincial and territorial governments to implement these changes effectively within their justice systems.
透過結合更嚴厲的量刑與更嚴格的保釋監管，加拿大力求為企業、勞工及廣大民眾創造一個更安全的環境。
By combining harsher sentencing with more rigorous bail oversight, Canada seeks to create a safer environment for businesses, workers, and the general public.
